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Refactor the articles related to searching algorithm. Add the chapter of binary search. Add the section of searching algorithm revisited. (#464)
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/**
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* File: binary_search.java
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* Created Time: 2022-11-25
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* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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package chapter_searching;
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public class binary_search {
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/* 二分查找(双闭区间) */
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static int binarySearch(int[] nums, int target) {
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// 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1] ,即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素
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int i = 0, j = nums.length - 1;
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// 循环,当搜索区间为空时跳出(当 i > j 时为空)
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while (i <= j) {
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int m = (i + j) / 2; // 计算中点索引 m
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if (nums[m] < target) // 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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i = m + 1;
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else if (nums[m] > target) // 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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j = m - 1;
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else // 找到目标元素,返回其索引
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return m;
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}
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// 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
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return -1;
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}
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/* 二分查找(左闭右开) */
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static int binarySearch1(int[] nums, int target) {
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// 初始化左闭右开 [0, n) ,即 i, j 分别指向数组首元素、尾元素+1
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int i = 0, j = nums.length;
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// 循环,当搜索区间为空时跳出(当 i = j 时为空)
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while (i < j) {
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int m = (i + j) / 2; // 计算中点索引 m
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if (nums[m] < target) // 此情况说明 target 在区间 [m+1, j) 中
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i = m + 1;
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else if (nums[m] > target) // 此情况说明 target 在区间 [i, m) 中
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j = m;
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else // 找到目标元素,返回其索引
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return m;
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}
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// 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
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return -1;
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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int target = 6;
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int[] nums = { 1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 23, 67, 70, 92 };
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/* 二分查找(双闭区间) */
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int index = binarySearch(nums, target);
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System.out.println("目标元素 6 的索引 = " + index);
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/* 二分查找(左闭右开) */
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index = binarySearch1(nums, target);
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System.out.println("目标元素 6 的索引 = " + index);
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}
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}
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53
codes/java/chapter_searching/leetcode_two_sum.java
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53
codes/java/chapter_searching/leetcode_two_sum.java
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/**
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* File: leetcode_two_sum.java
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* Created Time: 2022-11-25
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* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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package chapter_searching;
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import java.util.*;
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public class leetcode_two_sum {
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/* 方法一:暴力枚举 */
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static int[] twoSumBruteForce(int[] nums, int target) {
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int size = nums.length;
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// 两层循环,时间复杂度 O(n^2)
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for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
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for (int j = i + 1; j < size; j++) {
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if (nums[i] + nums[j] == target)
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return new int[] { i, j };
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}
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}
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return new int[0];
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}
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/* 方法二:辅助哈希表 */
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static int[] twoSumHashTable(int[] nums, int target) {
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int size = nums.length;
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// 辅助哈希表,空间复杂度 O(n)
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Map<Integer, Integer> dic = new HashMap<>();
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// 单层循环,时间复杂度 O(n)
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for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
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if (dic.containsKey(target - nums[i])) {
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return new int[] { dic.get(target - nums[i]), i };
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}
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dic.put(nums[i], i);
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}
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return new int[0];
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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// ======= Test Case =======
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int[] nums = { 2, 7, 11, 15 };
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int target = 9;
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// ====== Driver Code ======
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// 方法一
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int[] res = twoSumBruteForce(nums, target);
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System.out.println("方法一 res = " + Arrays.toString(res));
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// 方法二
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res = twoSumHashTable(nums, target);
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System.out.println("方法二 res = " + Arrays.toString(res));
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}
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}
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