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@ -639,6 +639,73 @@ comments: true
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}
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```
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=== "Kotlin"
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```kotlin title="n_queens.kt"
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/* 回溯算法:n 皇后 */
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fun backtrack(
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row: Int,
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n: Int,
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state: List<MutableList<String>>,
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res: MutableList<List<List<String>>?>,
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cols: BooleanArray,
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diags1: BooleanArray,
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diags2: BooleanArray
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) {
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// 当放置完所有行时,记录解
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if (row == n) {
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val copyState: MutableList<List<String>> = ArrayList()
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for (sRow in state) {
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copyState.add(ArrayList(sRow))
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}
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res.add(copyState)
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return
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}
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// 遍历所有列
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for (col in 0..<n) {
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// 计算该格子对应的主对角线和次对角线
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val diag1 = row - col + n - 1
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val diag2 = row + col
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// 剪枝:不允许该格子所在列、主对角线、次对角线上存在皇后
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if (!cols[col] && !diags1[diag1] && !diags2[diag2]) {
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// 尝试:将皇后放置在该格子
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state[row][col] = "Q"
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diags2[diag2] = true
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diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2]
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cols[col] = diags1[diag1]
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// 放置下一行
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backtrack(row + 1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2)
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// 回退:将该格子恢复为空位
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state[row][col] = "#"
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diags2[diag2] = false
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diags1[diag1] = diags2[diag2]
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cols[col] = diags1[diag1]
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}
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}
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}
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/* 求解 n 皇后 */
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fun nQueens(n: Int): List<List<List<String>>?> {
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// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盘,其中 'Q' 代表皇后,'#' 代表空位
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val state: MutableList<MutableList<String>> = ArrayList()
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for (i in 0..<n) {
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val row: MutableList<String> = ArrayList()
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for (j in 0..<n) {
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row.add("#")
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}
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state.add(row)
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}
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val cols = BooleanArray(n) // 记录列是否有皇后
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val diags1 = BooleanArray(2 * n - 1) // 记录主对角线上是否有皇后
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val diags2 = BooleanArray(2 * n - 1) // 记录次对角线上是否有皇后
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val res: MutableList<List<List<String>>?> = ArrayList()
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backtrack(0, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2)
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return res
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}
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```
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=== "Zig"
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```zig title="n_queens.zig"
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