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Add heap part js code (#339)
* Add heap part js code * Update heap.md * Update heap.md * Format the code style and fix a bug. * and fix the style in heap.md * fix the style --------- Co-authored-by: Yudong Jin <krahets@163.com>
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@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ comments: true
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<div class="center-table" markdown>
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| 方法 | 描述 | 时间复杂度 |
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| --------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------- |
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| add() | 元素入堆 | $O(\log n)$ |
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| poll() | 堆顶元素出堆 | $O(\log n)$ |
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| peek() | 访问堆顶元素(大 / 小顶堆分别为最大 / 小值) | $O(1)$ |
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| 方法 | 描述 | 时间复杂度 |
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| --------- | -------------------------------------------- | ----------- |
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| add() | 元素入堆 | $O(\log n)$ |
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| poll() | 堆顶元素出堆 | $O(\log n)$ |
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| peek() | 访问堆顶元素(大 / 小顶堆分别为最大 / 小值) | $O(1)$ |
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| size() | 获取堆的元素数量 | $O(1)$ |
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| isEmpty() | 判断堆是否为空 | $O(1)$ |
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@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ comments: true
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=== "JavaScript"
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```js title="heap.js"
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// JavaScript 未提供内置 heap 类
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```
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=== "TypeScript"
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@ -330,7 +330,32 @@ comments: true
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=== "JavaScript"
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```js title="my_heap.js"
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#maxHeap;
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/* 构造函数,建立空堆或根据输入列表建堆 */
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constructor(nums) {
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// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆
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this.#maxHeap = nums === undefined ? [] : [...nums];
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// 堆化除叶结点以外的其他所有结点
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for (let i = this.#parent(this.size() - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
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this.#siftDown(i);
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}
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}
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/* 获取左子结点索引 */
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#left(i) {
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return 2 * i + 1;
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}
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/* 获取右子结点索引 */
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#right(i) {
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return 2 * i + 2;
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}
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/* 获取父结点索引 */
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#parent(i) {
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return Math.floor((i - 1) / 2); // 向下整除
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}
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```
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=== "TypeScript"
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@ -420,7 +445,10 @@ comments: true
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=== "JavaScript"
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```js title="my_heap.js"
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/* 访问堆顶元素 */
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peek() {
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return this.#maxHeap[0];
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}
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```
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=== "TypeScript"
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@ -554,7 +582,27 @@ comments: true
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=== "JavaScript"
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```js title="my_heap.js"
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/* 元素入堆 */
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push(val) {
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// 添加结点
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this.#maxHeap.push(val);
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// 从底至顶堆化
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this.#siftUp(this.size() - 1);
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}
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/* 从结点 i 开始,从底至顶堆化 */
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#siftUp(i) {
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while (true) {
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// 获取结点 i 的父结点
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const p = this.#parent(i);
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// 当“越过根结点”或“结点无需修复”时,结束堆化
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if (p < 0 || this.#maxHeap[i] <= this.#maxHeap[p]) break;
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// 交换两结点
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this.#swap(i, p);
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// 循环向上堆化
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i = p;
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}
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}
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```
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=== "TypeScript"
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@ -752,7 +800,37 @@ comments: true
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=== "JavaScript"
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```js title="my_heap.js"
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/* 元素出堆 */
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poll() {
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// 判空处理
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if (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error("堆为空");
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// 交换根结点与最右叶结点(即交换首元素与尾元素)
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this.#swap(0, this.size() - 1);
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// 删除结点
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const val = this.#maxHeap.pop();
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// 从顶至底堆化
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this.#siftDown(0);
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// 返回堆顶元素
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return val;
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}
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/* 从结点 i 开始,从顶至底堆化 */
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#siftDown(i) {
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while (true) {
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// 判断结点 i, l, r 中值最大的结点,记为 ma
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const l = this.#left(i),
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r = this.#right(i);
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let ma = i;
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if (l < this.size() && this.#maxHeap[l] > this.#maxHeap[ma]) ma = l;
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if (r < this.size() && this.#maxHeap[r] > this.#maxHeap[ma]) ma = r;
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// 若结点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界,则无需继续堆化,跳出
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if (ma == i) break;
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// 交换两结点
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this.#swap(i, ma);
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// 循环向下堆化
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i = ma;
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}
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}
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```
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=== "TypeScript"
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@ -874,7 +952,15 @@ comments: true
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=== "JavaScript"
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```js title="my_heap.js"
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/* 构造函数,建立空堆或根据输入列表建堆 */
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constructor(nums) {
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// 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆
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this.#maxHeap = nums === undefined ? [] : [...nums];
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// 堆化除叶结点以外的其他所有结点
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for (let i = this.#parent(this.size() - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
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this.#siftDown(i);
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}
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}
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```
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=== "TypeScript"
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