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https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
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Add the section of binary search insertion. (#671)
Refactor the section of binary search edge. Finetune the figures of binary search.
This commit is contained in:
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
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add_executable(binary_search binary_search.cpp)
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add_executable(binary_search_insertion binary_search_insertion.cpp)
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add_executable(binary_search_edge binary_search_edge.cpp)
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add_executable(two_sum two_sum.cpp)
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@ -1,57 +1,66 @@
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/**
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* File: binary_search_edge.cpp
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* Created Time: 2023-05-21
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* Created Time: 2023-08-04
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* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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#include "../utils/common.hpp"
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/* 二分查找最左一个元素 */
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int binarySearchLeftEdge(vector<int> &nums, int target) {
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/* 二分查找插入点(存在重复元素) */
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int binarySearchInsertion(const vector<int> &nums, int target) {
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int i = 0, j = nums.size() - 1; // 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]
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while (i <= j) {
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int m = i + (j - i) / 2; // 计算中点索引 m
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if (nums[m] < target)
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if (nums[m] < target) {
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i = m + 1; // target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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else if (nums[m] > target)
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j = m - 1; // target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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else
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} else {
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j = m - 1; // 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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}
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}
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if (i == nums.size() || nums[i] != target)
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return -1; // 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
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// 返回插入点 i
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return i;
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}
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/* 二分查找最右一个元素 */
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int binarySearchRightEdge(vector<int> &nums, int target) {
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int i = 0, j = nums.size() - 1; // 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]
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while (i <= j) {
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int m = i + (j - i) / 2; // 计算中点索引 m
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if (nums[m] < target)
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i = m + 1; // target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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else if (nums[m] > target)
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j = m - 1; // target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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else
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i = m + 1; // 首个大于 target 的元素在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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/* 二分查找最左一个 target */
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int binarySearchLeftEdge(vector<int> &nums, int target) {
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// 等价于查找 target 的插入点
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int i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target);
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// 未找到 target ,返回 -1
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if (i == nums.size() || nums[i] != target) {
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return -1;
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}
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if (j < 0 || nums[j] != target)
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return -1; // 未找到目标元素,返回 -1
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// 找到 target ,返回索引 i
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return i;
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}
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/* 二分查找最右一个 target */
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int binarySearchRightEdge(vector<int> &nums, int target) {
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// 转化为查找最左一个 target + 1
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int i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target + 1);
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// j 指向最右一个 target ,i 指向首个大于 target 的元素
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int j = i - 1;
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// 未找到 target ,返回 -1
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if (j == -1 || nums[j] != target) {
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return -1;
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}
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// 找到 target ,返回索引 j
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return j;
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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int target = 6;
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// 包含重复元素的数组
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vector<int> nums = {1, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 10, 12, 15};
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cout << "\n数组 nums = ";
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printVector(nums);
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// 二分查找最左一个元素
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int indexLeft = binarySearchLeftEdge(nums, target);
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cout << "数组中最左一个元素 6 的索引 = " << indexLeft << endl;
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// 二分查找最右一个元素
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int indexRight = binarySearchRightEdge(nums, target);
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cout << "数组中最右一个元素 6 的索引 = " << indexRight << endl;
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// 二分查找左边界和右边界
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for (int target : {6, 7}) {
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int index = binarySearchLeftEdge(nums, target);
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cout << "最左一个元素 " << target << " 的索引为 " << index << endl;
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index = binarySearchRightEdge(nums, target);
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cout << "最右一个元素 " << target << " 的索引为 " << index << endl;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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66
codes/cpp/chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion.cpp
Normal file
66
codes/cpp/chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion.cpp
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
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/**
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* File: binary_search_edge.cpp
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* Created Time: 2023-08-04
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* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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#include "../utils/common.hpp"
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/* 二分查找插入点(无重复元素) */
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int binarySearchInsertionSimple(vector<int> &nums, int target) {
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int i = 0, j = nums.size() - 1; // 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]
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while (i <= j) {
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int m = i + (j - i) / 2; // 计算中点索引 m
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if (nums[m] < target) {
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i = m + 1; // target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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} else if (nums[m] > target) {
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j = m - 1; // target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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} else {
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return m; // 找到 target ,返回插入点 m
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}
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}
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// 未找到 target ,返回插入点 i
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return i;
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}
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/* 二分查找插入点(存在重复元素) */
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int binarySearchInsertion(vector<int> &nums, int target) {
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int i = 0, j = nums.size() - 1; // 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]
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while (i <= j) {
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int m = i + (j - i) / 2; // 计算中点索引 m
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if (nums[m] < target) {
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i = m + 1; // target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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} else if (nums[m] > target) {
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j = m - 1; // target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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} else {
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j = m - 1; // 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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}
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}
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// 返回插入点 i
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return i;
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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// 无重复元素的数组
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vector<int> nums = {1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 23, 26, 31, 35};
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cout << "\n数组 nums = ";
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printVector(nums);
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// 二分查找插入点
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for (int target : {6, 9}) {
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int index = binarySearchInsertionSimple(nums, target);
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cout << "元素 " << target << " 的插入点的索引为 " << index << endl;
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}
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// 包含重复元素的数组
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nums = {1, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 10, 12, 15};
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cout << "\n数组 nums = ";
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printVector(nums);
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// 二分查找插入点
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for (int target : {2, 6, 20}) {
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int index = binarySearchInsertion(nums, target);
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cout << "元素 " << target << " 的插入点的索引为 " << index << endl;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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