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<title>3.2. 数据结构分类 - Hello 算法</title>
<title>3.2.   数据结构分类 - Hello 算法</title>
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<div class="md-header__topic" data-md-component="header-topic">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
3.2. 数据结构分类
3.2. &nbsp; 数据结构分类
</span>
</div>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_1" id="__nav_1_label" tabindex="0">
0. 写在前面
0. &nbsp; &nbsp; 写在前面
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0. 写在前面
0. &nbsp; &nbsp; 写在前面
</label>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/about_the_book/" class="md-nav__link">
0.1. 关于本书
0.1. &nbsp; 关于本书
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/suggestions/" class="md-nav__link">
0.2. 如何使用本书
0.2. &nbsp; 如何使用本书
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/installation/" class="md-nav__link">
0.3. 编程环境安装
0.3. &nbsp; 编程环境安装
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<a href="../../chapter_preface/contribution/" class="md-nav__link">
0.4. 一起参与创作
0.4. &nbsp; 一起参与创作
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2" id="__nav_2_label" tabindex="0">
1. 引言
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1. 引言
1. &nbsp; &nbsp; 引言
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<a href="../../chapter_introduction/algorithms_are_everywhere/" class="md-nav__link">
1.1. 算法无处不在
1.1. &nbsp; 算法无处不在
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/" class="md-nav__link">
1.2. 算法是什么
1.2. &nbsp; 算法是什么
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3" id="__nav_3_label" tabindex="0">
2. 计算复杂度
2. &nbsp; &nbsp; 计算复杂度
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2. 计算复杂度
2. &nbsp; &nbsp; 计算复杂度
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/" class="md-nav__link">
2.1. 算法效率评估
2.1. &nbsp; 算法效率评估
</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
2.2. 时间复杂度
2.2. &nbsp; 时间复杂度
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
2.3. 空间复杂度
2.3. &nbsp; 空间复杂度
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/space_time_tradeoff/" class="md-nav__link">
2.4. 权衡时间与空间
2.4. &nbsp; 权衡时间与空间
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
2.5. 小结
2.5. &nbsp; 小结
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4" id="__nav_4_label" tabindex="0">
3. 数据结构简介
3. &nbsp; &nbsp; 数据结构简介
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3. 数据结构简介
3. &nbsp; &nbsp; 数据结构简介
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<a href="../data_and_memory/" class="md-nav__link">
3.1. 数据与内存
3.1. &nbsp; 数据与内存
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<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
3.2. 数据结构分类
3.2. &nbsp; 数据结构分类
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3.2. 数据结构分类
3.2. &nbsp; 数据结构分类
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#321" class="md-nav__link">
3.2.1. 逻辑结构：线性与非线性
3.2.1. &nbsp; 逻辑结构：线性与非线性
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#322" class="md-nav__link">
3.2.2. 物理结构：连续与离散
3.2.2. &nbsp; 物理结构：连续与离散
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../summary/" class="md-nav__link">
3.3. 小结
3.3. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5" id="__nav_5_label" tabindex="0">
4. 数组与链表
4. &nbsp; &nbsp; 数组与链表
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4. 数组与链表
4. &nbsp; &nbsp; 数组与链表
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/" class="md-nav__link">
4.1. 数组（Array）
4.1. &nbsp; 数组（Array）
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/" class="md-nav__link">
4.2. 链表（LinkedList）
4.2. &nbsp; 链表（LinkedList）
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/" class="md-nav__link">
4.3. 列表（List）
4.3. &nbsp; 列表（List）
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
4.4. 小结
4.4. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6" id="__nav_6_label" tabindex="0">
5. 栈与队列
5. &nbsp; &nbsp; 栈与队列
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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5. 栈与队列
5. &nbsp; &nbsp; 栈与队列
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/" class="md-nav__link">
5.1. 栈（Stack）
5.1. &nbsp; 栈（Stack）
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/" class="md-nav__link">
5.2. 队列（Queue）
5.2. &nbsp; 队列（Queue）
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/" class="md-nav__link">
5.3. 双向队列（Deque）
5.3. &nbsp; 双向队列（Deque）
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
5.4. 小结
5.4. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_7" id="__nav_7_label" tabindex="0">
6. 散列表
6. &nbsp; &nbsp; 散列表
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
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6. 散列表
6. &nbsp; &nbsp; 散列表
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_map/" class="md-nav__link">
6.1. 哈希表（HashMap）
6.1. &nbsp; 哈希表（HashMap）
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_collision/" class="md-nav__link">
6.2. 哈希冲突处理
6.2. &nbsp; 哈希冲突处理
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
6.3. 小结
6.3. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_8" id="__nav_8_label" tabindex="0">
7. 二叉树
7. &nbsp; &nbsp; 二叉树
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
7. 二叉树
7. &nbsp; &nbsp; 二叉树
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
7.1. 二叉树（Binary Tree）
7.1. &nbsp; 二叉树（Binary Tree）
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
7.2. 二叉树遍历
7.2. &nbsp; 二叉树遍历
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
7.3. 二叉搜索树
7.3. &nbsp; 二叉搜索树
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
7.4. AVL 树 *
7.4. &nbsp; AVL 树 *
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
7.5. 小结
7.5. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_9" id="__nav_9_label" tabindex="0">
8. 堆
8. &nbsp; &nbsp; 堆
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
8. 堆
8. &nbsp; &nbsp; 堆
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
8.1. 堆（Heap）
8.1. &nbsp; 堆（Heap）
</a>
</li>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_10" id="__nav_10_label" tabindex="0">
9. 图
9. &nbsp; &nbsp; 图
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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9. 图
9. &nbsp; &nbsp; 图
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
9.1. 图（Graph）
9.1. &nbsp; 图（Graph）
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
9.2. 图基础操作
9.2. &nbsp; 图基础操作
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
9.3. 图的遍历
9.3. &nbsp; 图的遍历
</a>
</li>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_11" id="__nav_11_label" tabindex="0">
10. 查找算法
10. &nbsp; &nbsp; 查找算法
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
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10. 查找算法
10. &nbsp; &nbsp; 查找算法
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/linear_search/" class="md-nav__link">
10.1. 线性查找
10.1. &nbsp; 线性查找
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
10.2. 二分查找
10.2. &nbsp; 二分查找
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/hashing_search/" class="md-nav__link">
10.3. 哈希查找
10.3. &nbsp; 哈希查找
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
10.4. 小结
10.4. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_12" id="__nav_12_label" tabindex="0">
11. 排序算法
11. &nbsp; &nbsp; 排序算法
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
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11. 排序算法
11. &nbsp; &nbsp; 排序算法
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/intro_to_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.1. 排序简介
11.1. &nbsp; 排序简介
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.2. 冒泡排序
11.2. &nbsp; 冒泡排序
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.3. 插入排序
11.3. &nbsp; 插入排序
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.4. 快速排序
11.4. &nbsp; 快速排序
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.5. 归并排序
11.5. &nbsp; 归并排序
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
11.6. 小结
11.6. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#321" class="md-nav__link">
3.2.1. 逻辑结构：线性与非线性
3.2.1. &nbsp; 逻辑结构：线性与非线性
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#322" class="md-nav__link">
3.2.2. 物理结构：连续与离散
3.2.2. &nbsp; 物理结构：连续与离散
</a>
</li>
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<h1 id="32">3.2. 数据结构分类<a class="headerlink" href="#32" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<h1 id="32">3.2. &nbsp; 数据结构分类<a class="headerlink" href="#32" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>数据结构主要可根据「逻辑结构」和「物理结构」两种角度进行分类。</p>
<h2 id="321">3.2.1. 逻辑结构：线性与非线性<a class="headerlink" href="#321" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<h2 id="321">3.2.1. &nbsp; 逻辑结构：线性与非线性<a class="headerlink" href="#321" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p><strong>「逻辑结构」反映了数据之间的逻辑关系</strong>。数组和链表的数据按照顺序依次排列，反映了数据间的线性关系；树从顶至底按层级排列，反映了祖先与后代之间的派生关系；图由结点和边组成，反映了复杂网络关系。</p>
<p>我们一般将逻辑结构分为「线性」和「非线性」两种。“线性”这个概念很直观，即表明数据在逻辑关系上是排成一条线的；而如果数据之间的逻辑关系是非线性的（例如是网状或树状的），那么就是非线性数据结构。</p>
<ul>
@ -1583,7 +1583,7 @@
<p><img alt="classification_logic_structure" src="../classification_of_data_structure.assets/classification_logic_structure.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> Fig. 线性与非线性数据结构 </p>
<h2 id="322">3.2.2. 物理结构：连续与离散<a class="headerlink" href="#322" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<h2 id="322">3.2.2. &nbsp; 物理结构：连续与离散<a class="headerlink" href="#322" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>若感到阅读困难，建议先看完下个章节「数组与链表」，再回过头来理解物理结构的含义。</p>
@ -1679,7 +1679,7 @@
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