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Add Python and C++ code for the counting sort. (#436)
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65
codes/python/chapter_sorting/counting_sort.py
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65
codes/python/chapter_sorting/counting_sort.py
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"""
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File: bubble_sort.py
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Created Time: 2023-03-21
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Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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"""
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import sys, os.path as osp
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sys.path.append(osp.dirname(osp.dirname(osp.abspath(__file__))))
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from modules import *
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def counting_sort_naive(nums: List[int]) -> None:
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""" 计数排序 """
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# 简单实现,无法用于排序对象
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# 1. 统计数组最大元素 m
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m = 0
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for num in nums:
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m = max(m, num)
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# 2. 统计各数字的出现次数
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# counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数
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counter = [0] * (m + 1)
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for num in nums:
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counter[num] += 1
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# 3. 遍历 counter ,将各元素填入原数组 nums
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i = 0
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for num in range(m + 1):
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for _ in range(counter[num]):
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nums[i] = num
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i += 1
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def counting_sort(nums: List[int]) -> None:
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""" 计数排序 """
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# 完整实现,可排序对象,并且是稳定排序
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# 1. 统计数组最大元素 m
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m = max(nums)
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# 2. 统计各数字的出现次数
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# counter[num] 代表 num 的出现次数
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counter = [0] * (m + 1)
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for num in nums:
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counter[num] += 1
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# 3. 求 counter 的前缀和,将“出现次数”转换为“尾索引”
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# 即 counter[num]-1 是 num 在 res 中最后一次出现的索引
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for i in range(m):
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counter[i + 1] += counter[i]
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# 4. 倒序遍历 nums ,将各元素填入结果数组 res
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# 初始化数组 res 用于记录结果
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n = len(nums)
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res = [0] * n
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for i in range(n - 1, -1, -1):
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num = nums[i]
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res[counter[num] - 1] = num # 将 num 放置到对应索引处
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counter[num] -= 1 # 令前缀和自减 1 ,得到下次放置 num 的索引
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# 使用结果数组 res 覆盖原数组 nums
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for i in range(n):
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nums[i] = res[i]
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""" Driver Code """
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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nums = [1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 4, 0, 2, 2, 4]
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counting_sort_naive(nums)
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print(f"计数排序(无法排序对象)完成后 nums = {nums}")
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nums1 = [1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 4, 0, 2, 2, 4]
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counting_sort(nums1)
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print(f"计数排序完成后 nums1 = {nums1}")
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