mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2025-07-24 02:03:10 +08:00
build
This commit is contained in:
@ -1863,129 +1863,113 @@ comments: true
|
||||
capacity int // 哈希表容量
|
||||
loadThres float64 // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
|
||||
extendRatio int // 扩容倍数
|
||||
buckets []pair // 桶数组
|
||||
removed pair // 删除标记
|
||||
buckets []*pair // 桶数组
|
||||
TOMBSTONE *pair // 删除标记
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 构造方法 */
|
||||
func newHashMapOpenAddressing() *hashMapOpenAddressing {
|
||||
buckets := make([]pair, 4)
|
||||
return &hashMapOpenAddressing{
|
||||
size: 0,
|
||||
capacity: 4,
|
||||
loadThres: 2.0 / 3.0,
|
||||
extendRatio: 2,
|
||||
buckets: buckets,
|
||||
removed: pair{
|
||||
key: -1,
|
||||
val: "-1",
|
||||
},
|
||||
buckets: make([]*pair, 4),
|
||||
TOMBSTONE: &pair{-1, "-1"},
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 哈希函数 */
|
||||
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) hashFunc(key int) int {
|
||||
return key % m.capacity
|
||||
func (h *hashMapOpenAddressing) hashFunc(key int) int {
|
||||
return key % h.capacity // 根据键计算哈希值
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 负载因子 */
|
||||
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) loadFactor() float64 {
|
||||
return float64(m.size) / float64(m.capacity)
|
||||
func (h *hashMapOpenAddressing) loadFactor() float64 {
|
||||
return float64(h.size) / float64(h.capacity) // 计算当前负载因子
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 */
|
||||
func (h *hashMapOpenAddressing) findBucket(key int) int {
|
||||
index := h.hashFunc(key) // 获取初始索引
|
||||
firstTombstone := -1 // 记录遇到的第一个TOMBSTONE的位置
|
||||
for h.buckets[index] != nil {
|
||||
if h.buckets[index].key == key {
|
||||
if firstTombstone != -1 {
|
||||
// 若之前遇到了删除标记,则将键值对移动至该索引处
|
||||
h.buckets[firstTombstone] = h.buckets[index]
|
||||
h.buckets[index] = h.TOMBSTONE
|
||||
return firstTombstone // 返回移动后的桶索引
|
||||
}
|
||||
return index // 返回找到的索引
|
||||
}
|
||||
if firstTombstone == -1 && h.buckets[index] == h.TOMBSTONE {
|
||||
firstTombstone = index // 记录遇到的首个删除标记的位置
|
||||
}
|
||||
index = (index + 1) % h.capacity // 线性探测,越过尾部则返回头部
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若 key 不存在,则返回添加点的索引
|
||||
if firstTombstone != -1 {
|
||||
return firstTombstone
|
||||
}
|
||||
return index
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) get(key int) string {
|
||||
idx := m.hashFunc(key)
|
||||
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
|
||||
for i := 0; i < m.capacity; i++ {
|
||||
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部则返回头部
|
||||
j := (idx + i) % m.capacity
|
||||
// 若遇到空桶,说明无此 key ,则返回 null
|
||||
if m.buckets[j] == (pair{}) {
|
||||
return ""
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若遇到指定 key ,则返回对应 val
|
||||
if m.buckets[j].key == key && m.buckets[j] != m.removed {
|
||||
return m.buckets[j].val
|
||||
}
|
||||
func (h *hashMapOpenAddressing) get(key int) string {
|
||||
index := h.findBucket(key) // 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
|
||||
if h.buckets[index] != nil && h.buckets[index] != h.TOMBSTONE {
|
||||
return h.buckets[index].val // 若找到键值对,则返回对应 val
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若未找到 key ,则返回空字符串
|
||||
return ""
|
||||
return "" // 若键值对不存在,则返回 ""
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 添加操作 */
|
||||
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) put(key int, val string) {
|
||||
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
|
||||
if m.loadFactor() > m.loadThres {
|
||||
m.extend()
|
||||
func (h *hashMapOpenAddressing) put(key int, val string) {
|
||||
if h.loadFactor() > h.loadThres {
|
||||
h.extend() // 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
|
||||
}
|
||||
idx := m.hashFunc(key)
|
||||
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
|
||||
for i := 0; i < m.capacity; i++ {
|
||||
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部则返回头部
|
||||
j := (idx + i) % m.capacity
|
||||
// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶,则将键值对放入该桶
|
||||
if m.buckets[j] == (pair{}) || m.buckets[j] == m.removed {
|
||||
m.buckets[j] = pair{
|
||||
key: key,
|
||||
val: val,
|
||||
}
|
||||
m.size += 1
|
||||
return
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val
|
||||
if m.buckets[j].key == key {
|
||||
m.buckets[j].val = val
|
||||
return
|
||||
}
|
||||
index := h.findBucket(key) // 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
|
||||
if h.buckets[index] == nil || h.buckets[index] == h.TOMBSTONE {
|
||||
h.buckets[index] = &pair{key, val} // 若键值对不存在,则添加该键值对
|
||||
h.size++
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
h.buckets[index].val = val // 若找到键值对,则覆盖 val
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除操作 */
|
||||
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) remove(key int) {
|
||||
idx := m.hashFunc(key)
|
||||
// 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
|
||||
// 线性探测,从 index 开始向后遍历
|
||||
for i := 0; i < m.capacity; i++ {
|
||||
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部则返回头部
|
||||
j := (idx + i) % m.capacity
|
||||
// 若遇到空桶,说明无此 key ,则直接返回
|
||||
if m.buckets[j] == (pair{}) {
|
||||
return
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若遇到指定 key ,则标记删除并返回
|
||||
if m.buckets[j].key == key {
|
||||
m.buckets[j] = m.removed
|
||||
m.size -= 1
|
||||
}
|
||||
func (h *hashMapOpenAddressing) remove(key int) {
|
||||
index := h.findBucket(key) // 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
|
||||
if h.buckets[index] != nil && h.buckets[index] != h.TOMBSTONE {
|
||||
h.buckets[index] = h.TOMBSTONE // 若找到键值对,则用删除标记覆盖它
|
||||
h.size--
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 扩容哈希表 */
|
||||
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) extend() {
|
||||
// 暂存原哈希表
|
||||
tmpBuckets := make([]pair, len(m.buckets))
|
||||
copy(tmpBuckets, m.buckets)
|
||||
|
||||
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
|
||||
m.capacity *= m.extendRatio
|
||||
m.buckets = make([]pair, m.capacity)
|
||||
m.size = 0
|
||||
func (h *hashMapOpenAddressing) extend() {
|
||||
oldBuckets := h.buckets // 暂存原哈希表
|
||||
h.capacity *= h.extendRatio // 更新容量
|
||||
h.buckets = make([]*pair, h.capacity) // 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
|
||||
h.size = 0 // 重置大小
|
||||
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
|
||||
for _, p := range tmpBuckets {
|
||||
if p != (pair{}) && p != m.removed {
|
||||
m.put(p.key, p.val)
|
||||
for _, pair := range oldBuckets {
|
||||
if pair != nil && pair != h.TOMBSTONE {
|
||||
h.put(pair.key, pair.val)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 打印哈希表 */
|
||||
func (m *hashMapOpenAddressing) print() {
|
||||
for _, p := range m.buckets {
|
||||
if p != (pair{}) {
|
||||
fmt.Println(strconv.Itoa(p.key) + " -> " + p.val)
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
func (h *hashMapOpenAddressing) print() {
|
||||
for _, pair := range h.buckets {
|
||||
if pair == nil {
|
||||
fmt.Println("nil")
|
||||
} else if pair == h.TOMBSTONE {
|
||||
fmt.Println("TOMBSTONE")
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
fmt.Printf("%d -> %s\n", pair.key, pair.val)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -2540,15 +2524,14 @@ comments: true
|
||||
```rust title="hash_map_open_addressing.rs"
|
||||
/* 开放寻址哈希表 */
|
||||
struct HashMapOpenAddressing {
|
||||
size: usize, // 键值对数量
|
||||
capacity: usize, // 哈希表容量
|
||||
load_thres: f64, // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
|
||||
extend_ratio: usize, // 扩容倍数
|
||||
buckets: Vec<Option<Pair>>, // 桶数组
|
||||
TOMBSTONE: Option<Pair>, // 删除标记
|
||||
size: usize, // 键值对数量
|
||||
capacity: usize, // 哈希表容量
|
||||
load_thres: f64, // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
|
||||
extend_ratio: usize, // 扩容倍数
|
||||
buckets: Vec<Option<Pair>>, // 桶数组
|
||||
TOMBSTONE: Option<Pair>, // 删除标记
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
impl HashMapOpenAddressing {
|
||||
/* 构造方法 */
|
||||
fn new() -> Self {
|
||||
@ -2558,7 +2541,10 @@ comments: true
|
||||
load_thres: 2.0 / 3.0,
|
||||
extend_ratio: 2,
|
||||
buckets: vec![None; 4],
|
||||
TOMBSTONE: Some(Pair {key: -1, val: "-1".to_string()}),
|
||||
TOMBSTONE: Some(Pair {
|
||||
key: -1,
|
||||
val: "-1".to_string(),
|
||||
}),
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -2584,9 +2570,9 @@ comments: true
|
||||
if first_tombstone != -1 {
|
||||
self.buckets[first_tombstone as usize] = self.buckets[index].take();
|
||||
self.buckets[index] = self.TOMBSTONE.clone();
|
||||
return first_tombstone as usize; // 返回移动后的桶索引
|
||||
return first_tombstone as usize; // 返回移动后的桶索引
|
||||
}
|
||||
return index; // 返回桶索引
|
||||
return index; // 返回桶索引
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 记录遇到的首个删除标记
|
||||
if first_tombstone == -1 && self.buckets[index] == self.TOMBSTONE {
|
||||
@ -2596,7 +2582,11 @@ comments: true
|
||||
index = (index + 1) % self.capacity;
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若 key 不存在,则返回添加点的索引
|
||||
if first_tombstone == -1 { index } else { first_tombstone as usize }
|
||||
if first_tombstone == -1 {
|
||||
index
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
first_tombstone as usize
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user