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<h1 id="51">5.1 &nbsp; 栈<a class="headerlink" href="#51" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>「栈 stack」是一种遵循先入后出的逻辑的线性数据结构。</p>
<p>我们可以将栈类比为桌面上的一摞盘子，如果需要拿出底部的盘子，则需要先将上面的盘子依次取出。我们将盘子替换为各种类型的元素（如整数、字符、对象等），就得到了栈数据结构。</p>
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<li><strong>程序内存管理</strong>。每次调用函数时，系统都会在栈顶添加一个栈帧，用于记录函数的上下文信息。在递归函数中，向下递推阶段会不断执行入栈操作，而向上回溯阶段则会执行出栈操作。</li>
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