Renamed files and fixed Doctest (#2421)

* * Renamed files
* Fiexed doctest

* fixup! Format Python code with psf/black push

Co-authored-by: github-actions <${GITHUB_ACTOR}@users.noreply.github.com>

conversions/binary_to_decimal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+def bin_to_decimal(bin_string: str) -> int:
+    """
+    Convert a binary value to its decimal equivalent
+
+    >>> bin_to_decimal("101")
+    5
+    >>> bin_to_decimal(" 1010   ")
+    10
+    >>> bin_to_decimal("-11101")
+    -29
+    >>> bin_to_decimal("0")
+    0
+    >>> bin_to_decimal("a")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: Non-binary value was passed to the function
+    >>> bin_to_decimal("")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: Empty string was passed to the function
+    >>> bin_to_decimal("39")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: Non-binary value was passed to the function
+    """
+    bin_string = str(bin_string).strip()
+    if not bin_string:
+        raise ValueError("Empty string was passed to the function")
+    is_negative = bin_string[0] == "-"
+    if is_negative:
+        bin_string = bin_string[1:]
+    if not all(char in "01" for char in bin_string):
+        raise ValueError("Non-binary value was passed to the function")
+    decimal_number = 0
+    for char in bin_string:
+        decimal_number = 2 * decimal_number + int(char)
+    return -decimal_number if is_negative else decimal_number
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from doctest import testmod
+
+    testmod()