Replace bandit, flake8, isort, and pyupgrade with ruff (#8178)

* Replace bandit, flake8, isort, and pyupgrade with ruff

* Comment on ruff rules

* updating DIRECTORY.md

---------

Co-authored-by: github-actions <${GITHUB_ACTOR}@users.noreply.github.com>

dynamic_programming/min_distance_up_bottom.py

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ to find edit distance.
 The aim is to demonstate up bottom approach for solving the task.
 The implementation was tested on the
 leetcode: https://leetcode.com/problems/edit-distance/
-"""
 
-"""
 Levinstein distance
 Dynamic Programming: up -> down.
 """
 
+import functools
+
 
 def min_distance_up_bottom(word1: str, word2: str) -> int:
     """
@@ -25,13 +25,10 @@ def min_distance_up_bottom(word1: str, word2: str) -> int:
     >>> min_distance_up_bottom("zooicoarchaeologist", "zoologist")
     10
     """
-
-    from functools import lru_cache
-
     len_word1 = len(word1)
     len_word2 = len(word2)
 
-    @lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+    @functools.cache
     def min_distance(index1: int, index2: int) -> int:
         # if first word index is overflow - delete all from the second word
         if index1 >= len_word1:

dynamic_programming/minimum_tickets_cost.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Minimum Cost For Tickets
 Dynamic Programming: up -> down.
 """
 
-from functools import lru_cache
+import functools
 
 
 def mincost_tickets(days: list[int], costs: list[int]) -> int:
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ def mincost_tickets(days: list[int], costs: list[int]) -> int:
 
     days_set = set(days)
 
-    @lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+    @functools.cache
     def dynamic_programming(index: int) -> int:
         if index > 365:
             return 0

dynamic_programming/word_break.py

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Runtime: O(n * n)
 Space: O(n)
 """
 
-from functools import lru_cache
+import functools
 from typing import Any
 
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def word_break(string: str, words: list[str]) -> bool:
     len_string = len(string)
 
     # Dynamic programming method
-    @lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+    @functools.cache
     def is_breakable(index: int) -> bool:
         """
         >>> string = 'a'