Rename Project Euler directories and other dependent changes (#3300)

* Rename all Project Euler directories:

Reason:
The change was done to maintain consistency throughout the directory
and to keep all directories in sorted order.

Due to the above change, some config files had to be modified:
'problem_22` -> `problem_022`

* Update scripts to pad zeroes in PE directories

project_euler/problem_052/sol1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""
+Permuted multiples
+Problem 52
+
+It can be seen that the number, 125874, and its double, 251748, contain exactly
+the same digits, but in a different order.
+
+Find the smallest positive integer, x, such that 2x, 3x, 4x, 5x, and 6x,
+contain the same digits.
+"""
+
+
+def solution():
+    """Returns the smallest positive integer, x, such that 2x, 3x, 4x, 5x, and
+    6x, contain the same digits.
+
+    >>> solution()
+    142857
+    """
+    i = 1
+
+    while True:
+        if (
+            sorted(list(str(i)))
+            == sorted(list(str(2 * i)))
+            == sorted(list(str(3 * i)))
+            == sorted(list(str(4 * i)))
+            == sorted(list(str(5 * i)))
+            == sorted(list(str(6 * i)))
+        ):
+            return i
+
+        i += 1
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print(solution())