pyupgrade --py37-plus **/*.py (#1654)

* pyupgrade --py37-plus **/*.py

* fixup! Format Python code with psf/black push

maths/3n+1.py

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ def n31(a: int) -> Tuple[List[int], int]:
     """
 
     if not isinstance(a, int):
-        raise TypeError("Must be int, not {0}".format(type(a).__name__))
+        raise TypeError("Must be int, not {}".format(type(a).__name__))
     if a < 1:
-        raise ValueError("Given integer must be greater than 1, not {0}".format(a))
+        raise ValueError(f"Given integer must be greater than 1, not {a}")
 
     path = [a]
     while a != 1:

maths/__init__.py

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-

maths/hardy_ramanujanalgo.py

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def exactPrimeFactorCount(n):
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     n = 51242183
     print(f"The number of distinct prime factors is/are {exactPrimeFactorCount(n)}")
-    print("The value of log(log(n)) is {0:.4f}".format(math.log(math.log(n))))
+    print("The value of log(log(n)) is {:.4f}".format(math.log(math.log(n))))
 
     """
     The number of distinct prime factors is/are 3

maths/lucas_lehmer_primality_test.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """
         In mathematics, the Lucas–Lehmer test (LLT) is a primality test for Mersenne numbers.
         https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucas%E2%80%93Lehmer_primality_test

maths/matrix_exponentiation.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ https://www.hackerearth.com/practice/notes/matrix-exponentiation-1/
 """
 
 
-class Matrix(object):
+class Matrix:
     def __init__(self, arg):
         if isinstance(arg, list):  # Initialzes a matrix identical to the one provided.
             self.t = arg

maths/newton_raphson.py

@@ -52,4 +52,4 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     plt.xlabel("step")
     plt.ylabel("error")
     plt.show()
-    print("solution = {%f}, error = {%f}" % (solution, error))
+    print(f"solution = {{{solution:f}}}, error = {{{error:f}}}")

maths/pythagoras.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class Point:
 
 
 def distance(a: Point, b: Point) -> float:
-    return math.sqrt(abs(((b.x - a.x) ** 2 + (b.y - a.y) ** 2 + (b.z - a.z) ** 2)))
+    return math.sqrt(abs((b.x - a.x) ** 2 + (b.y - a.y) ** 2 + (b.z - a.z) ** 2))
 
 
 def test_distance() -> None:

maths/sieve_of_eratosthenes.py

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-
 """
 Sieve of Eratosthones