.vs/ directory, matrix_multiplication_addition file and binary tree directory (#894)

* Added print function into matrix_multiplication_addition.py and removed blank space in data_structures/binary tree directory

* Removed .vs/ folder per #893

* Rename matrix_multiplication_addition.py to matrix_operation.py

data_structures/binary_tree/segment_tree.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+from __future__ import print_function
+import math
+
+class SegmentTree:
+    
+    def __init__(self, A):
+        self.N = len(A)
+        self.st = [0] * (4 * self.N) # approximate the overall size of segment tree with array N
+        self.build(1, 0, self.N - 1)
+        
+    def left(self, idx):
+        return idx * 2
+
+    def right(self, idx):
+        return idx * 2 + 1
+
+    def build(self, idx, l, r):
+        if l == r:
+            self.st[idx] = A[l]
+        else:
+            mid = (l + r) // 2
+            self.build(self.left(idx), l, mid)
+            self.build(self.right(idx), mid + 1, r)
+            self.st[idx] = max(self.st[self.left(idx)] , self.st[self.right(idx)])
+    
+    def update(self, a, b, val):
+        return self.update_recursive(1, 0, self.N - 1, a - 1, b - 1, val)
+    
+    def update_recursive(self, idx, l, r, a, b, val): # update(1, 1, N, a, b, v) for update val v to [a,b]
+        if r < a or l > b:
+            return True
+        if l == r :
+            self.st[idx] = val
+            return True
+        mid = (l+r)//2
+        self.update_recursive(self.left(idx), l, mid, a, b, val)
+        self.update_recursive(self.right(idx), mid+1, r, a, b, val)
+        self.st[idx] = max(self.st[self.left(idx)] , self.st[self.right(idx)])
+        return True
+
+    def query(self, a, b):
+        return self.query_recursive(1, 0, self.N - 1, a - 1, b - 1)
+
+    def query_recursive(self, idx, l, r, a, b): #query(1, 1, N, a, b) for query max of [a,b]
+        if r < a or l > b:
+            return -math.inf
+        if l >= a and r <= b:
+            return self.st[idx]
+        mid = (l+r)//2
+        q1 = self.query_recursive(self.left(idx), l, mid, a, b)
+        q2 = self.query_recursive(self.right(idx), mid + 1, r, a, b)
+        return max(q1, q2)
+
+    def showData(self):
+        showList = []
+        for i in range(1,N+1):
+            showList += [self.query(i, i)]
+        print (showList)
+            
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    A = [1,2,-4,7,3,-5,6,11,-20,9,14,15,5,2,-8]
+    N = 15
+    segt = SegmentTree(A)
+    print (segt.query(4, 6))
+    print (segt.query(7, 11))
+    print (segt.query(7, 12))
+    segt.update(1,3,111)
+    print (segt.query(1, 15))
+    segt.update(7,8,235)
+    segt.showData()