# [437. Path Sum III](https://leetcode.com/problems/path-sum-iii/) ## 题目 Given the `root` of a binary tree and an integer `targetSum`, return *the number of paths where the sum of the values along the path equals* `targetSum`. The path does not need to start or end at the root or a leaf, but it must go downwards (i.e., traveling only from parent nodes to child nodes). **Example 1:** ![https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/04/09/pathsum3-1-tree.jpg](https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/04/09/pathsum3-1-tree.jpg) ``` Input: root = [10,5,-3,3,2,null,11,3,-2,null,1], targetSum = 8 Output: 3 Explanation: The paths that sum to 8 are shown. ``` **Example 2:** ``` Input: root = [5,4,8,11,null,13,4,7,2,null,null,5,1], targetSum = 22 Output: 3 ``` **Constraints:** - The number of nodes in the tree is in the range `[0, 1000]`. - `109 <= Node.val <= 109` - `1000 <= targetSum <= 1000` ## 题目大意 给定一个二叉树,它的每个结点都存放着一个整数值。找出路径和等于给定数值的路径总数。路径不需要从根节点开始,也不需要在叶子节点结束,但是路径方向必须是向下的(只能从父节点到子节点)。二叉树不超过1000个节点,且节点数值范围是 [-1000000,1000000] 的整数。 ## 解题思路 - 这一题是第 112 题 Path Sum 和第 113 题 Path Sum II 的加强版,这一题要求求出任意一条路径的和为 sum,起点不一定是根节点,可以是任意节点开始。 - 注意这一题可能出现负数的情况,节点和为 sum,并不一定是最终情况,有可能下面还有正数节点和负数节点相加正好为 0,那么这也是一种情况。一定要遍历到底。 - 一个点是否为 sum 的起点,有 3 种情况,第一种情况路径包含该 root 节点,如果包含该结点,就在它的左子树和右子树中寻找和为 `sum-root.Val` 的情况。第二种情况路径不包含该 root 节点,那么就需要在它的左子树和右子树中分别寻找和为 sum 的结点。 ## 代码 ```go package leetcode import ( "github.com/halfrost/LeetCode-Go/structures" ) // TreeNode define type TreeNode = structures.TreeNode /** * Definition for a binary tree node. * type TreeNode struct { * Val int * Left *TreeNode * Right *TreeNode * } */ // 解法一 带缓存 dfs func pathSum(root *TreeNode, targetSum int) int { prefixSum := make(map[int]int) prefixSum[0] = 1 return dfs(root, prefixSum, 0, targetSum) } func dfs(root *TreeNode, prefixSum map[int]int, cur, sum int) int { if root == nil { return 0 } cur += root.Val cnt := 0 if v, ok := prefixSum[cur-sum]; ok { cnt = v } prefixSum[cur]++ cnt += dfs(root.Left, prefixSum, cur, sum) cnt += dfs(root.Right, prefixSum, cur, sum) prefixSum[cur]-- return cnt } // 解法二 func pathSumIII(root *TreeNode, sum int) int { if root == nil { return 0 } res := findPath437(root, sum) res += pathSumIII(root.Left, sum) res += pathSumIII(root.Right, sum) return res } // 寻找包含 root 这个结点,且和为 sum 的路径 func findPath437(root *TreeNode, sum int) int { if root == nil { return 0 } res := 0 if root.Val == sum { res++ } res += findPath437(root.Left, sum-root.Val) res += findPath437(root.Right, sum-root.Val) return res } ```