JavaScript/Sorts/BeadSort.js

/**
 * Bead Sort, also known as Gravity sort, this algorithm was
 * inspired from natural phenomenons and was designed keeping in mind objects(or beads)
 * falling under the influence of gravity.
 *
 * NOTE: It only works for arrays of positive integers.
 *
 * Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bead_sort
 */

/**
 * Doctests
 *
 * > beadSort([5, 4, 3, 2, 1])
 * [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
 * > beadSort([7, 9, 4, 3, 5])
 * [3, 4, 5, 7, 9]
 * > beadSort([-1, 5, 8, 4, 3, 19])
 * ! RangeError: Sequence must be a list of positive integers!
 */

function beadSort (sequence) {
  /* Let's ensure our sequence has only Positive Integers */
  if (sequence.some((integer) => integer < 0)) {
    throw RangeError('Sequence must be a list of Positive integers Only!')
  }

  const sequenceLength = sequence.length
  const max = Math.max(...sequence)

  // Set initial Grid
  const grid = sequence.map(number => {
    const maxArr = new Array(max)

    for (let i = 0; i < number; i++) {
      maxArr[i] = '*'
    }

    return maxArr
  })

  // Drop the Beads!
  for (let col = 0; col < max; col++) {
    let beadsCount = 0

    for (let row = 0; row < sequenceLength; row++) {
      if (grid[row][col] === '*') {
        beadsCount++
      }
    }

    for (let row = sequenceLength - 1; row > -1; row--) {
      if (beadsCount) {
        grid[row][col] = '*'
        beadsCount--
      } else {
        grid[row][col] = undefined
      }
    }
  }

  /* Finally, let's turn our Bead rows into their Respective Numbers */
  const sortedSequence = grid.map((beadArray) => {
    const beadsArray = beadArray.filter(bead => bead === '*')

    return beadsArray.length
  })

  return sortedSequence
}

/**
* Implementation of Bead Sort
*/
const array = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
// Before Sort
console.log('\n- Before Sort | Implementation of Bead Sort -')
console.log(array)
// After Sort
console.log('- After Sort | Implementation of Bead Sort -')
console.log(beadSort(array))
console.log('\n')