0 1 knapsack (#408)

* Added Longest Common Subsequence

* Renamed the File

* Optimized the code

* Optimized the code

* Changed some styles as per the rule

* Again some style fixed

* Added Longest Increasing Subsequence program to the list

* Style changed

* Added 0-1-Knapsack Problem

* Style Changed as per guidelines

* Update ZeroOneKnapsack.js

* Delete LongestCommonSubsequence.js

* Delete LongestIncreasingSubsequence.js

Co-authored-by: vinayak <itssvinayak@gmail.com>

Dynamic-Programming/ZeroOneKnapsack.js

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/**
+ * A Dynamic Programming based solution for calculating Zero One Knapsack
+ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knapsack_problem
+ */
+
+const zeroOneKnapsack = (arr, n, cap, cache) => {
+  if (cap === 0 || n === 0) {
+    cache[n][cap] = 0
+    return cache[n][cap]
+  }
+  if (cache[n][cap] !== -1) {
+    return cache[n][cap]
+  }
+  if (arr[n - 1][0] <= cap) {
+    cache[n][cap] = Math.max(arr[n - 1][1] + zeroOneKnapsack(arr, n - 1, cap - arr[n - 1][0], cache), zeroOneKnapsack(arr, n - 1, cap, cache))
+    return cache[n][cap]
+  } else {
+    cache[n][cap] = zeroOneKnapsack(arr, n - 1, cap, cache)
+    return cache[n][cap]
+  }
+}
+
+const main = () => {
+  /*
+  Problem Statement:
+  You are a thief carrying a single bag with limited capacity S. The museum you stole had N artifact that you could steal. Unfortunately you might not be able to steal all the artifact because of your limited bag capacity.
+  You have to cherry pick the artifact in order to maximize the total value of the artifacts you stole.
+
+  Link for the Problem: https://www.hackerrank.com/contests/srin-aadc03/challenges/classic-01-knapsack
+  */
+  let input = `1
+    4 5
+    1 8
+    2 4
+    3 0
+    2 5
+    2 3`
+
+  input = input.trim().split('\n')
+  input.shift()
+  const length = input.length
+
+  let i = 0
+  while (i < length) {
+    const cap = Number(input[i].trim().split(' ')[0])
+    const currlen = Number(input[i].trim().split(' ')[1])
+    let j = i + 1
+    const arr = []
+    while (j <= i + currlen) {
+      arr.push(input[j])
+      j++
+    }
+    const newArr = []
+    arr.map(e => {
+      newArr.push(e.trim().split(' ').map(Number))
+    })
+    const cache = []
+    for (let i = 0; i <= currlen; i++) {
+      const temp = []
+      for (let j = 0; j <= cap; j++) {
+        temp.push(-1)
+      }
+      cache.push(temp)
+    }
+    const result = zeroOneKnapsack(newArr, currlen, cap, cache)
+    console.log(result)
+    i += currlen + 1
+  }
+}
+
+main()