Add OneBitDifference algorithm (#5864)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/OneBitDifference.java

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.bitmanipulation;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides a method to detect if two integers
+ * differ by exactly one bit flip.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * 1 (0001) and 2 (0010) differ by exactly one bit flip.
+ * 7 (0111) and 3 (0011) differ by exactly one bit flip.
+ *
+ * @author Hardvan
+ */
+public final class OneBitDifference {
+    private OneBitDifference() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if two integers differ by exactly one bit.
+     *
+     * @param x the first integer
+     * @param y the second integer
+     * @return true if x and y differ by exactly one bit, false otherwise
+     */
+    public static boolean differByOneBit(int x, int y) {
+        if (x == y) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        int xor = x ^ y;
+        return (xor & (xor - 1)) == 0;
+    }
+}