refactor: Enhance docs, code, add tests in LucasSeries (#6749)

src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/LucasSeriesTest.java

@@ -1,28 +1,158 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.maths;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
-public class LucasSeriesTest {
+/**
+ * Test cases for {@link LucasSeries} class.
+ * Tests both recursive and iterative implementations for correctness,
+ * edge cases, and error handling.
+ */
+class LucasSeriesTest {
+
+    /**
+     * Test the first Lucas number L(1) = 2
+     */
     @Test
-    void lucasSeriesTwo() {
+    void testFirstLucasNumber() {
         assertEquals(2, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(1));
         assertEquals(2, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(1));
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the second Lucas number L(2) = 1
+     */
     @Test
-    void lucasSeriesOne() {
+    void testSecondLucasNumber() {
         assertEquals(1, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(2));
         assertEquals(1, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(2));
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the third Lucas number L(3) = 3
+     */
     @Test
-    void lucasSeriesSeven() {
+    void testThirdLucasNumber() {
+        assertEquals(3, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(3));
+        assertEquals(3, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(3));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the fourth Lucas number L(4) = 4
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testFourthLucasNumber() {
+        assertEquals(4, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(4));
+        assertEquals(4, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(4));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the fifth Lucas number L(5) = 7
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testFifthLucasNumber() {
         assertEquals(7, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(5));
         assertEquals(7, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(5));
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the sixth Lucas number L(6) = 11
+     */
     @Test
-    void lucasSeriesEleven() {
+    void testSixthLucasNumber() {
+        assertEquals(11, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(6));
+        assertEquals(11, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(6));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the seventh Lucas number L(7) = 18
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testSeventhLucasNumber() {
+        assertEquals(18, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(7));
+        assertEquals(18, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(7));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the eighth Lucas number L(8) = 29
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testEighthLucasNumber() {
+        assertEquals(29, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(8));
+        assertEquals(29, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(8));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the ninth Lucas number L(9) = 47
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testNinthLucasNumber() {
+        assertEquals(47, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(9));
+        assertEquals(47, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(9));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the tenth Lucas number L(10) = 76
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testTenthLucasNumber() {
+        assertEquals(76, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(10));
+        assertEquals(76, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(10));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test the eleventh Lucas number L(11) = 123
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testEleventhLucasNumber() {
         assertEquals(123, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(11));
         assertEquals(123, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(11));
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Test larger Lucas numbers to ensure correctness
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testLargerLucasNumbers() {
+        assertEquals(199, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(12));
+        assertEquals(199, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(12));
+        assertEquals(322, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(13));
+        assertEquals(322, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(13));
+        assertEquals(521, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(14));
+        assertEquals(521, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(14));
+        assertEquals(843, LucasSeries.lucasSeries(15));
+        assertEquals(843, LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(15));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that both methods produce the same results
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testRecursiveAndIterativeConsistency() {
+        for (int i = 1; i <= 15; i++) {
+            assertEquals(LucasSeries.lucasSeries(i), LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(i), "Mismatch at position " + i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test invalid input: zero
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testZeroInputThrowsException() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> LucasSeries.lucasSeries(0));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(0));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test invalid input: negative number
+     */
+    @Test
+    void testNegativeInputThrowsException() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> LucasSeries.lucasSeries(-1));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(-1));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> LucasSeries.lucasSeries(-5));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> LucasSeries.lucasSeriesIteration(-5));
+    }
 }