Add EDFScheduling algorithm (#5657)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/EDFScheduling.java

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * The Earliest Deadline First (EDF) Scheduling class implements a dynamic scheduling algorithm.
+ * It assigns the CPU to processes with the earliest deadlines, ensuring that deadlines are met if possible.
+ * This scheduling algorithm is ideal for real-time systems where meeting deadlines is critical.
+ */
+public final class EDFScheduling {
+    private EDFScheduling() {
+    }
+
+    private List<Process> processes;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an EDFScheduling object with a list of processes.
+     *
+     * @param processes List of processes to be scheduled.
+     */
+    public EDFScheduling(final List<Process> processes) {
+        this.processes = processes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Schedules the processes using Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling.
+     * Processes are sorted by their deadlines, and the method simulates their execution.
+     * It calculates the waiting time and turnaround time for each process.
+     *
+     * @return List of processes after they have been executed in order of earliest deadline first.
+     */
+    public List<Process> scheduleProcesses() {
+        processes.sort(Comparator.comparingInt(Process::getDeadline));
+
+        int currentTime = 0;
+        List<Process> executedProcesses = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        for (Process process : processes) {
+            process.setWaitingTime(currentTime);
+            currentTime += process.getBurstTime();
+            process.setTurnAroundTime(process.getWaitingTime() + process.getBurstTime());
+
+            if (currentTime > process.getDeadline()) {
+                System.out.println("Warning: Process " + process.getProcessId() + " missed its deadline.");
+            }
+
+            executedProcesses.add(process);
+        }
+
+        return executedProcesses;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The Process class represents a process with an ID, burst time, deadline, waiting time, and turnaround time.
+     */
+    public static class Process {
+        private String processId;
+        private int burstTime;
+        private int deadline;
+        private int waitingTime;
+        private int turnAroundTime;
+
+        public Process(String processId, int burstTime, int deadline) {
+            this.processId = processId;
+            this.burstTime = burstTime;
+            this.deadline = deadline;
+        }
+
+        public String getProcessId() {
+            return processId;
+        }
+
+        public int getBurstTime() {
+            return burstTime;
+        }
+
+        public int getDeadline() {
+            return deadline;
+        }
+
+        public int getWaitingTime() {
+            return waitingTime;
+        }
+
+        public void setWaitingTime(int waitingTime) {
+            this.waitingTime = waitingTime;
+        }
+
+        public int getTurnAroundTime() {
+            return turnAroundTime;
+        }
+
+        public void setTurnAroundTime(int turnAroundTime) {
+            this.turnAroundTime = turnAroundTime;
+        }
+    }
+}