Add different types of Mean (#4339)

pom.xml

@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@
             <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
             <version>3.12.0</version>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
+            <version>4.4</version>
+        </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/Means.java

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.maths;
+
+import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;
+import org.apache.commons.collections4.IterableUtils;
+
+/**
+ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean
+ * <p>
+ * by: Punit Patel
+ */
+public final class Means {
+
+    private Means() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief computes the [Arithmetic Mean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean) of the input
+     * @param numbers the input numbers
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException empty input
+     * @return the arithmetic mean of the input numbers
+     */
+    public static Double arithmetic(final Iterable<Double> numbers) {
+        checkIfNotEmpty(numbers);
+        return StreamSupport.stream(numbers.spliterator(), false).reduce((x, y) -> x + y).get() / IterableUtils.size(numbers);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief computes the [Geometric Mean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_mean) of the input
+     * @param numbers the input numbers
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException empty input
+     * @return the geometric mean of the input numbers
+     */
+    public static Double geometric(final Iterable<Double> numbers) {
+        checkIfNotEmpty(numbers);
+        return Math.pow(StreamSupport.stream(numbers.spliterator(), false).reduce((x, y) -> x * y).get(), 1d / IterableUtils.size(numbers));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief computes the [Harmonic Mean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_mean) of the input
+     * @param numbers the input numbers
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException empty input
+     * @return the harmonic mean of the input numbers
+     */
+    public static Double harmonic(final Iterable<Double> numbers) {
+        checkIfNotEmpty(numbers);
+        return IterableUtils.size(numbers) / StreamSupport.stream(numbers.spliterator(), false).reduce(0d, (x, y) -> x + 1d / y);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkIfNotEmpty(final Iterable<Double> numbers) {
+        if (!numbers.iterator().hasNext()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Emtpy list given for Mean computation.");
+        }
+    }
+}

src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/MeansTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.maths;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.Vector;
+import org.assertj.core.util.Lists;
+import org.assertj.core.util.Sets;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+class MeansTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void arithmeticMeanZeroNumbers() throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        List<Double> numbers = new ArrayList<>();
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Means.arithmetic(numbers));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void geometricMeanZeroNumbers() throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        List<Double> numbers = new ArrayList<>();
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Means.geometric(numbers));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void harmonicMeanZeroNumbers() throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        List<Double> numbers = new ArrayList<>();
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Means.harmonic(numbers));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void arithmeticMeanSingleNumber() {
+        List<Double> numbers = Lists.newArrayList(2.5);
+        assertEquals(2.5, Means.arithmetic(numbers));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void geometricMeanSingleNumber() {
+        Set<Double> numbers = Sets.newHashSet(Lists.newArrayList(2.5));
+        assertEquals(2.5, Means.geometric(numbers));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void harmonicMeanSingleNumber() {
+        LinkedHashSet<Double> numbers = Sets.newLinkedHashSet(2.5);
+        assertEquals(2.5, Means.harmonic(numbers));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void arithmeticMeanMultipleNumbers() {
+        Set<Double> numbers = Sets.newTreeSet(1d, 2.5, 83.3, 25.9999, 46.0001, 74.7, 74.5);
+        assertEquals(44, Means.arithmetic(numbers));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void geometricMeanMultipleNumbers() {
+        LinkedList<Double> numbers = new LinkedList<>() {};
+        numbers.addAll(Lists.newArrayList(1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d, 6d, 1.25));
+        assertEquals(2.6426195539300585, Means.geometric(numbers));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void harmonicMeanMultipleNumbers() {
+        Vector<Double> numbers = new Vector<>(Lists.newArrayList(1d, 2.5, 83.3, 25.9999, 46.0001, 74.7, 74.5));
+        assertEquals(4.6697322801074135, Means.harmonic(numbers));
+    }
+}