Change project structure to a Maven Java project + Refactor (#2816)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/SumOfArithmeticSeries.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.maths;
+
+/**
+ * In mathematics, an arithmetic progression (AP) or arithmetic sequence is a
+ * sequence of numbers such that the difference between the consecutive terms is
+ * constant. Difference here means the second minus the first. For instance, the
+ * sequence 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, . . . is an arithmetic progression with common
+ * difference of 2.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_progression
+ */
+public class SumOfArithmeticSeries {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        /* 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 */
+        assert Double.compare(55.0, sumOfSeries(1, 1, 10)) == 0;
+
+        /* 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15 + 17 + 19 */
+        assert Double.compare(100.0, sumOfSeries(1, 2, 10)) == 0;
+
+        /* 1 + 11 + 21 + 31 + 41 + 51 + 61 + 71 + 81 + 91 */
+        assert Double.compare(460.0, sumOfSeries(1, 10, 10)) == 0;
+
+        /* 0.1 + 0.2 + 0.3 + 0.4 + 0.5 + 0.6 + 0.7 + 0.8 + 0.9 + 1.0 */
+        assert Double.compare(5.5, sumOfSeries(0.1, 0.1, 10)) == 0;
+
+        assert Double.compare(49600.0, sumOfSeries(1, 10, 100)) == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculate sum of arithmetic series
+     *
+     * @param firstTerm the initial term of an arithmetic series
+     * @param commonDiff the common difference of an arithmetic series
+     * @param numOfTerms the total terms of an arithmetic series
+     * @return sum of given arithmetic series
+     */
+    private static double sumOfSeries(double firstTerm, double commonDiff, int numOfTerms) {
+        return numOfTerms / 2.0 * (2 * firstTerm + (numOfTerms - 1) * commonDiff);
+    }
+}