Added mos algorithm and dice thrower (#6591)

* Add Sum of Squares algorithm implementation

* Format code and add Wikipedia URL for Lagrange's theorem

* Fixed clang-format issues

* Added Mo's Algorithm and DiceThrower recursive algorithms

- Mo's Algorithm: Square root decomposition for offline range queries(Imp in CP)
- DiceThrower: Recursive backtracking for dice combinations(very imp)
- Both algorithms include comprehensive test suites
- Formatted with clang-format and i follow contribution guidelines

* Fixed checkstyle violation

* Fixed SpotBugs issue

* Added in PMD exclusions

* Improved test coverage for better Codecov scores.

* Fixed clang-format issues in test files

* Add Mo's Algorithm and DiceThrower algorithms with comprehensive tests
* Fixed PartitionProblem.java documentation comment placement
This commit is contained in:
Sriram kulkarni
2025-10-08 17:21:44 +05:30
committed by GitHub
parent 596302b80e
commit 959ced9076
5 changed files with 800 additions and 0 deletions

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package com.thealgorithms.others;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
/**
* Test class for MosAlgorithm
*
* @author BEASTSHRIRAM
*/
class MosAlgorithmTest {
@Test
void testRangeSumQueriesBasic() {
int[] arr = {1, 3, 5, 2, 7};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 2, 0), // Sum of [1, 3, 5] = 9
new MosAlgorithm.Query(1, 3, 1), // Sum of [3, 5, 2] = 10
new MosAlgorithm.Query(2, 4, 2) // Sum of [5, 2, 7] = 14
};
int[] expected = {9, 10, 14};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeSumQueries(arr, queries);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testRangeSumQueriesSingleElement() {
int[] arr = {5, 10, 15, 20};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 0, 0), // Sum of [5] = 5
new MosAlgorithm.Query(1, 1, 1), // Sum of [10] = 10
new MosAlgorithm.Query(2, 2, 2), // Sum of [15] = 15
new MosAlgorithm.Query(3, 3, 3) // Sum of [20] = 20
};
int[] expected = {5, 10, 15, 20};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeSumQueries(arr, queries);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testRangeSumQueriesFullArray() {
int[] arr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 4, 0) // Sum of entire array = 15
};
int[] expected = {15};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeSumQueries(arr, queries);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testRangeSumQueriesOverlapping() {
int[] arr = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 2, 0), // Sum of [2, 4, 6] = 12
new MosAlgorithm.Query(1, 3, 1), // Sum of [4, 6, 8] = 18
new MosAlgorithm.Query(2, 4, 2) // Sum of [6, 8, 10] = 24
};
int[] expected = {12, 18, 24};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeSumQueries(arr, queries);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testRangeFrequencyQueriesBasic() {
int[] arr = {1, 2, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 3, 0), // Count of 2 in [1, 2, 2, 1] = 2
new MosAlgorithm.Query(1, 5, 1), // Count of 2 in [2, 2, 1, 3, 2] = 3
new MosAlgorithm.Query(4, 6, 2) // Count of 2 in [3, 2, 1] = 1
};
int[] expected = {2, 3, 1};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeFrequencyQueries(arr, queries, 2);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testRangeFrequencyQueriesNoMatch() {
int[] arr = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 2, 0), // Count of 2 in [1, 3, 5] = 0
new MosAlgorithm.Query(1, 4, 1) // Count of 2 in [3, 5, 7, 9] = 0
};
int[] expected = {0, 0};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeFrequencyQueries(arr, queries, 2);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testRangeFrequencyQueriesAllMatch() {
int[] arr = {5, 5, 5, 5, 5};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 2, 0), // Count of 5 in [5, 5, 5] = 3
new MosAlgorithm.Query(1, 3, 1), // Count of 5 in [5, 5, 5] = 3
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 4, 2) // Count of 5 in [5, 5, 5, 5, 5] = 5
};
int[] expected = {3, 3, 5};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeFrequencyQueries(arr, queries, 5);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testEmptyArray() {
int[] arr = {};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {};
int[] expected = {};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeSumQueries(arr, queries);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testNullInputs() {
int[] results1 = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeSumQueries(null, null);
assertArrayEquals(new int[0], results1);
int[] results2 = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeFrequencyQueries(null, null, 1);
assertArrayEquals(new int[0], results2);
}
@Test
void testQueryStructure() {
MosAlgorithm.Query query = new MosAlgorithm.Query(1, 5, 0);
assertEquals(1, query.left);
assertEquals(5, query.right);
assertEquals(0, query.index);
assertEquals(0, query.result); // Default value
}
@Test
void testLargerArray() {
int[] arr = {1, 4, 2, 8, 5, 7, 3, 6, 9, 10};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 4, 0), // Sum of [1, 4, 2, 8, 5] = 20
new MosAlgorithm.Query(2, 7, 1), // Sum of [2, 8, 5, 7, 3, 6] = 31
new MosAlgorithm.Query(5, 9, 2), // Sum of [7, 3, 6, 9, 10] = 35
new MosAlgorithm.Query(1, 8, 3) // Sum of [4, 2, 8, 5, 7, 3, 6, 9] = 44
};
int[] expected = {20, 31, 35, 44};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeSumQueries(arr, queries);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testRangeFrequencyWithDuplicates() {
int[] arr = {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3};
MosAlgorithm.Query[] queries = {
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 5, 0), // Count of 1 in [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9] = 2
new MosAlgorithm.Query(3, 9, 1), // Count of 1 in [1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3] = 1
new MosAlgorithm.Query(0, 9, 2) // Count of 1 in entire array = 2
};
int[] expected = {2, 1, 2};
int[] results = MosAlgorithm.solveRangeFrequencyQueries(arr, queries, 1);
assertArrayEquals(expected, results);
}
@Test
void testMainMethod() {
// Capture System.out
ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
PrintStream originalOut = System.out;
System.setOut(new PrintStream(outputStream));
try {
// Test main method
MosAlgorithm.main(new String[] {});
String output = outputStream.toString();
// Verify expected output contains demonstration
assertTrue(output.contains("Range Sum Queries:"));
assertTrue(output.contains("Range Frequency Queries (count of value 3):"));
assertTrue(output.contains("Array: [1, 3, 5, 2, 7, 6, 3, 1, 4, 8]"));
} finally {
System.setOut(originalOut);
}
}
}