Add ModuloPowerOfTwo algorithm (#5863)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/ModuloPowerOfTwo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.bitmanipulation;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides a method to compute the remainder
+ * of a number when divided by a power of two (2^n)
+ * without using division or modulo operations.
+ *
+ * @author Hardvan
+ */
+public final class ModuloPowerOfTwo {
+    private ModuloPowerOfTwo() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the remainder of a given integer when divided by 2^n.
+     *
+     * @param x the input number
+     * @param n the exponent (power of two)
+     * @return the remainder of x divided by 2^n
+     */
+    public static int moduloPowerOfTwo(int x, int n) {
+        if (n <= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The exponent must be positive");
+        }
+
+        return x & ((1 << n) - 1);
+    }
+}