Add algo for BooleanGateslogic (#5717)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/BooleanAlgebraGates.java

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.bitmanipulation;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Implements various Boolean algebra gates (AND, OR, NOT, XOR, NAND, NOR)
+ */
+public final class BooleanAlgebraGates {
+
+    private BooleanAlgebraGates() {
+        // Prevent instantiation
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Represents a Boolean gate that takes multiple inputs and returns a result.
+     */
+    interface BooleanGate {
+        /**
+         * Evaluates the gate with the given inputs.
+         *
+         * @param inputs The input values for the gate.
+         * @return The result of the evaluation.
+         */
+        boolean evaluate(List<Boolean> inputs);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * AND Gate implementation.
+     * Returns true if all inputs are true; otherwise, false.
+     */
+    static class ANDGate implements BooleanGate {
+        @Override
+        public boolean evaluate(List<Boolean> inputs) {
+            for (boolean input : inputs) {
+                if (!input) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * OR Gate implementation.
+     * Returns true if at least one input is true; otherwise, false.
+     */
+    static class ORGate implements BooleanGate {
+        @Override
+        public boolean evaluate(List<Boolean> inputs) {
+            for (boolean input : inputs) {
+                if (input) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * NOT Gate implementation (Unary operation).
+     * Negates a single input value.
+     */
+    static class NOTGate {
+        /**
+         * Evaluates the negation of the input.
+         *
+         * @param input The input value to be negated.
+         * @return The negated value.
+         */
+        public boolean evaluate(boolean input) {
+            return !input;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * XOR Gate implementation.
+     * Returns true if an odd number of inputs are true; otherwise, false.
+     */
+    static class XORGate implements BooleanGate {
+        @Override
+        public boolean evaluate(List<Boolean> inputs) {
+            boolean result = false;
+            for (boolean input : inputs) {
+                result ^= input;
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * NAND Gate implementation.
+     * Returns true if at least one input is false; otherwise, false.
+     */
+    static class NANDGate implements BooleanGate {
+        @Override
+        public boolean evaluate(List<Boolean> inputs) {
+            return !new ANDGate().evaluate(inputs); // Equivalent to negation of AND
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * NOR Gate implementation.
+     * Returns true if all inputs are false; otherwise, false.
+     */
+    static class NORGate implements BooleanGate {
+        @Override
+        public boolean evaluate(List<Boolean> inputs) {
+            return !new ORGate().evaluate(inputs); // Equivalent to negation of OR
+        }
+    }
+}