diff --git a/DIRECTORY.md b/DIRECTORY.md index 3d215855b..642975717 100644 --- a/DIRECTORY.md +++ b/DIRECTORY.md @@ -261,6 +261,7 @@ * [StrassenMatrixMultiplication](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/divideandconquer/StrassenMatrixMultiplication.java) * [TilingProblem](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/divideandconquer/TilingProblem.java) * dynamicprogramming + * [Abbreviation](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/Abbreviation.java) * [BoardPath](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/BoardPath.java) * [BoundaryFill](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/BoundaryFill.java) * [BruteForceKnapsack](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/BruteForceKnapsack.java) @@ -862,6 +863,7 @@ * [StrassenMatrixMultiplicationTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/divideandconquer/StrassenMatrixMultiplicationTest.java) * [TilingProblemTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/divideandconquer/TilingProblemTest.java) * dynamicprogramming + * [AbbreviationTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/AbbreviationTest.java) * [BoardPathTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/BoardPathTest.java) * [BoundaryFillTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/BoundaryFillTest.java) * [BruteForceKnapsackTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/BruteForceKnapsackTest.java) diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/Abbreviation.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/Abbreviation.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..60c0fd0a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/Abbreviation.java @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.dynamicprogramming; + +/** + * A class that provides a solution to the abbreviation problem. + * + * Problem: Given two strings, `a` and `b`, determine if string `a` can be + * transformed into string `b` by performing the following operations: + * 1. Capitalize zero or more of `a`'s lowercase letters (i.e., convert them to uppercase). + * 2. Delete any of the remaining lowercase letters from `a`. + * + * The task is to determine whether it is possible to make string `a` equal to string `b`. + * + * @author Hardvan + */ +public final class Abbreviation { + private Abbreviation() { + } + + /** + * Determines if string `a` can be transformed into string `b` by capitalizing + * some of its lowercase letters and deleting the rest. + * + * @param a The input string which may contain both uppercase and lowercase letters. + * @param b The target string containing only uppercase letters. + * @return {@code true} if string `a` can be transformed into string `b`, + * {@code false} otherwise. + * + * Time Complexity: O(n * m) where n = length of string `a` and m = length of string `b`. + * Space Complexity: O(n * m) due to the dynamic programming table. + */ + public static boolean abbr(String a, String b) { + int n = a.length(); + int m = b.length(); + + boolean[][] dp = new boolean[n + 1][m + 1]; + + dp[0][0] = true; + + for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { + for (int j = 0; j <= m; j++) { + if (dp[i][j]) { + // Case 1: If the current characters match (or can be capitalized to match) + if (j < m && Character.toUpperCase(a.charAt(i)) == b.charAt(j)) { + dp[i + 1][j + 1] = true; + } + // Case 2: If the character in `a` is lowercase, we can skip it + if (Character.isLowerCase(a.charAt(i))) { + dp[i + 1][j] = true; + } + } + } + } + + return dp[n][m]; + } +} diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/AbbreviationTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/AbbreviationTest.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4e36edbd7 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/AbbreviationTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.dynamicprogramming; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; + +import java.util.stream.Stream; +import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest; +import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments; +import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource; + +public class AbbreviationTest { + + @ParameterizedTest + @MethodSource("provideTestCases") + public void testAbbreviation(String a, String b, boolean expected) { + assertEquals(expected, Abbreviation.abbr(a, b)); + } + + private static Stream provideTestCases() { + return Stream.of( + // Example test case from problem description + Arguments.of("daBcd", "ABC", Boolean.TRUE), + + // Test case where transformation is impossible + Arguments.of("dBcd", "ABC", Boolean.FALSE), + + // Test case with exact match (all uppercase) + Arguments.of("ABC", "ABC", Boolean.TRUE), + + // Test case where input string contains all required letters plus extra lowercase letters + Arguments.of("aAbBcC", "ABC", Boolean.TRUE), + + // Test case with only lowercase letters in input + Arguments.of("abcd", "ABCD", Boolean.TRUE), + + // Test case with an empty second string (b) + Arguments.of("abc", "", Boolean.TRUE), + + // Test case with an empty first string (a) but non-empty second string (b) + Arguments.of("", "A", Boolean.FALSE), + + // Complex case with interleaved letters + Arguments.of("daBcAbCd", "ABCD", Boolean.FALSE)); + } +}