feat: Add RandomSearch new algorithm with Junit tests (#5701)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/searches/RandomSearch.java

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.searches;
+
+import com.thealgorithms.devutils.searches.SearchAlgorithm;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * A Random Search algorithm that randomly selects an index and checks if the
+ * value at that index matches the target. It repeats the process until it
+ * finds the target or checks all elements.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Time Complexity: O(n) in the worst case.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @author Hardvan
+ */
+public class RandomSearch implements SearchAlgorithm {
+
+    private final Random random = new Random();
+
+    /**
+     * Finds the index of a given element using random search.
+     *
+     * @param array Array to search through
+     * @param key Element to search for
+     * @return Index of the element if found, -1 otherwise
+     */
+    @Override
+    public <T extends Comparable<T>> int find(T[] array, T key) {
+        Set<Integer> visitedIndices = new HashSet<>();
+        int size = array.length;
+
+        while (visitedIndices.size() < size) {
+            int randomIndex = random.nextInt(size);
+            if (array[randomIndex].compareTo(key) == 0) {
+                return randomIndex;
+            }
+            visitedIndices.add(randomIndex);
+        }
+
+        return -1;
+    }
+}