Add LotteryScheduling algorithm (#5656)

src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/LotterySchedulingTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+public class LotterySchedulingTest {
+
+    private Random mockRandom;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    public void setup() {
+        mockRandom = mock(Random.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLotterySchedulingWithMockedRandom() {
+        List<LotteryScheduling.Process> processes = createProcesses();
+        LotteryScheduling lotteryScheduling = new LotteryScheduling(processes, mockRandom);
+
+        // Mock the sequence of random numbers (winning tickets)
+        // This sequence ensures that P1 (10 tickets), P3 (8 tickets), and P2 (5 tickets) are selected.
+        when(mockRandom.nextInt(23)).thenReturn(5, 18, 11); // winning tickets for P1, P3, and P2
+
+        List<LotteryScheduling.Process> executedProcesses = lotteryScheduling.scheduleProcesses();
+
+        assertEquals(3, executedProcesses.size());
+
+        // Assert the process execution order and properties
+        LotteryScheduling.Process process1 = executedProcesses.get(0);
+        assertEquals("P1", process1.getProcessId());
+        assertEquals(0, process1.getWaitingTime());
+        assertEquals(10, process1.getTurnAroundTime());
+
+        LotteryScheduling.Process process2 = executedProcesses.get(1);
+        assertEquals("P2", process2.getProcessId());
+        assertEquals(10, process2.getWaitingTime());
+        assertEquals(15, process2.getTurnAroundTime());
+
+        LotteryScheduling.Process process3 = executedProcesses.get(2);
+        assertEquals("P3", process3.getProcessId());
+        assertEquals(15, process3.getWaitingTime());
+        assertEquals(23, process3.getTurnAroundTime());
+    }
+
+    private List<LotteryScheduling.Process> createProcesses() {
+        LotteryScheduling.Process process1 = new LotteryScheduling.Process("P1", 10, 10); // 10 tickets
+        LotteryScheduling.Process process2 = new LotteryScheduling.Process("P2", 5, 5); // 5 tickets
+        LotteryScheduling.Process process3 = new LotteryScheduling.Process("P3", 8, 8); // 8 tickets
+
+        List<LotteryScheduling.Process> processes = new ArrayList<>();
+        processes.add(process1);
+        processes.add(process2);
+        processes.add(process3);
+
+        return processes;
+    }
+}